What element can significantly affect the trajectory of a fired round?

The trajectory of a fired round is predominantly influenced by gravity and air resistance. Gravity exerts a constant downward force on the projectile, pulling it towards the Earth and thus shaping its arc. As the projectile travels, air resistance, which consists of drag and lift forces, also plays a crucial role in the round's trajectory. Drag slows the projectile down as it moves through the air, while lift can cause a deviation from the anticipated path, especially at higher velocities.

Understanding how these two forces interact helps in accurately predicting the landing point of the round and making necessary adjustments for effective target engagement. It is essential for anyone using machine guns to be aware of these physical laws to effectively compensate for their effects during live fire exercises or combat situations.

While factors like wind direction, humidity levels, and temperature changes do influence shooting conditions and can affect precision to varying extents, they are secondary compared to the fundamental effects of gravity and air resistance on a projectile’s flight path.